长难句是指结构复杂、长度较长,由多个分句或从句组成的英语句子。
长难句常常需要读者花费更多的注意力来理解其含义。下面以一句话为例,对长难句的分析进行详细说明:原文:The man who won the prize, and whose name was announced yesterday, gave a speech at the awards ceremony.1. 句子结构该句包含一个主句和两个从句。主句为 “The man gave a speech at the awards ceremony”,从句1为 “who won the prize”作为主句的一个修饰成分,从句2为“whose name was announced yesterday”作为先行词“the man”的一个修饰成分。
2. 句子成分主句中的“the man”为主语,“gave”为谓语动词,“a speech at the awards ceremony”为宾语;从句1中的“who”引导的“won the prize”为定语从句,修饰“the man”;从句2中的“whose”引导的“name was announced yesterday”为定语从句,修饰“the man”。
3. 语法关系定语从句中“who”作为关系代词引导该从句,修饰“the man”;从句中的“won the prize”在定语从句中作为谓语动词;同样,“whose”也是关系代词,引导定语从句“whose name was announced yesterday”,修饰“the man”。