宾语从句是指在复合句中充当宾语的从句。
宾语从句通常由that, whether, if, what, who, which, how, when, where等引导。宾语从句一般放在及物动词或介词之后，有时也可以用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语从句放在后面。例如：I know that he is right. (= I know it that he is right.)He asked me if I had finished my homework. (= He asked me it if I had finished my homework.)She is afraid of what he might do. (= She is afraid of it what he might do.)宾语从句指在复合句中充当宾语的从句，常位于及物动词或介词之后，作宾语。宾语从句的引导词是由宾语从句的句子类型决定的，常考的引导词有that, if, whether, what, which, when, where, how, why等，宾语从句中的时态由主句中谓语动词的时态来决定。宾语从句的引导词宾语从句的引导词有三种：1)that;
2)whether/ if;
3)特殊疑问词what/ when/ where/ who等。如：He said that he could help me. 他说他能够帮助我。Your mother asked if you could finish your work this week.你妈妈问这个星期你能否完成工作。Can you tell me when the sports meeting will begin?你能告诉我运动会将在什么时候开始吗???以that引导的宾语从句：that引导的宾语从句一般都是由陈述句充当，引导词that没有实际意义，不在从句中作任何成分，that可以省略，而且从句成分齐全，句意完整。如：Do you think (that) it will rain?你认为天会下雨吗?He said (that) he could come on time.他说他会准时来的。?? 以whether或if引导的宾语从句：从属连词if, whether引导的名词从句是由一般疑问句或选择疑问句转化而来的，变成从句后，语序由原来的倒装语序变成陈述语序。whether和if意为“是否”。如：Let us know whether / if you can finish the work before Friday.请让我们知道你是否能在星期五以前把工作做完。I don’t care whether you like the story or not.我不在乎你是否喜欢这个故事。注：以下情况一般只用whether不用if。（1) 接带to的动词不定式。She doesn’t know whether to go to the zoo.她不知道是不是去动物园。（2)与or not连用时。I’m not sure whether or not he will come on time.他能否准时来，我说不准。??特殊疑问词what/ when/ where/ who等引导的宾语从句：此类宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句，变成宾语从句后要用陈述语序，由wh-开头的疑问词引导。包括who, whom, whose, what, which等连接代词和where, when, how, why等连接副词，这些引导词有各自的意思，在从句中要作相应的成分，不能省略。如：Could you tell me which gate we have to go to?请问我们得走哪个门?He didn’t tell me how long he would stay here.他没有告诉我他要在这里呆多长时间。宾语从句的时态?? 如果主句是一般现在时，宾语从句根据实际情况用各种时态。如：My teacher says he will be back in a week.(一般将来时) 我的老师说他将在一个星期后回来。My teacher says he is watching TV.(现在进行时) 我的老师说他正在看电视。My teacher says he has seen the movie.(现在完成时) 我的老师说他已经看过这部电影了。??如果主句是一般过去时，宾语从句用相应的过去时态。如：My father said he was watching TV at that time.(过去进行时) 我爸爸说在那个时候他在看电视。My father said the he had already seen the movie.(过去完成时) 我爸爸说他已经看过那部电影了。注：如果宾语从句是表示客观真理和规律的句子时，用一般现在时。如：Our teacher told us the sun is much bigger than the earth.(一般现在时)我们的老师告诉我们太阳比地球大多了。宾语从句的否定转移主句如果是I think/ believe/ imagine/ suppose/ guess/ expect等，从句的否定一般要转移到主句中，其反意疑问句与从句一致。如：I don’t think they’ll wait to the last minute，will they?我认为他们不会等到最后一分钟，他们会吗?I don’t believe he did this, did he?我相信他不会做这样的事，他会吗?直接引语和间接引语直接引语指的是直接引用别人的原话，两边用引号标出;如：He said (that) the bank was near the hotel.间接引语是指用自己的语言转述别人的话。如：He wondered if/whether the workers had finished the work.直接引语变间接引语时在句型、人称、时态、语序、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等方面都要进行变化。
