1)主语是句子的主体,动作的执行者,它可以是名词、代词、动名词、动词不定式,甚至句子也可以担当主语。
例如:The apple is red. (the apple:名词作主语)He likes apples. (he:代词作主语)Reading in bed is a bad habit. (reading:动名词作主语)To say is easier than to do. (to say:动词不定式作主语)What he did makes the teacher very angry. (what he did:句子作主语)2)谓语通常由单动词或动词短语构成,说明或描述主语的动作、状态或特征。例如:My mother enjoys shopping. (enjoy:单动词作谓语)The boys often play football on the playground. (play football:动词短语作谓语)